A few weeks back, I was looking at Bill Thom’s Coming Attractions site. My six year old daughter saw the ad for Paizo’s reprint of The Ship of Ishtar and said “Ariel!” thinking it was the Little Mermaid.
The Ship of Ishtar was the first piece of A. Merritt fiction I ever read. I knew of him first as one of the writers of “The Challenge From Beyond.” The old Reader’s Guide to Fantasy (Avon, 1981) gave a good write up on A. Merritt. So when I came across a 1960s Avon reprint, I bought it and read it that magical summer of 1983.
A. Merritt (1884-1943) was probably the most popular writer of fantasy until the Burroughs’ boom of the early 1960s if not the Tolkien boom of the mid 1960s. He stood alongside of Edgar Rice Burroughs in the general fiction pulp magazines of the early 20th Century as the premier writer of fantastic romances. There are only eight novels and a handful of stories to Merritt’s name but his influence was far beyond quantity. Merritt influenced a whole generation of science fiction writers of the 1930s, some of whom helped create modern science fiction– E. E. “Doc” Smith, Edmond Hamilton, Jack Williamson, P. Schuyler Miller, Lloyd Arthur Eshbach come to mind. H. P. Lovecraft liked some of Merritt’s output. What about Robert E. Howard? There are no books by Merritt that we know of in Howard’s library. That doesn’t mean that Howard did not read Merritt. Howard mentioned in the “Argonotes” section of an issue of Argosy, July 20 1929 that he had been reading the magazine before it merged with The All-Story Weekly.
Was A. Merritt an influence on Robert E. Howard? He didn’t mention Merritt in a list of favorite authors in his “On Reading–and Writing” essay but neither was Edgar Rice Burroughs, though Howard owned twelve of Burroughs’ books. Howard did say about Merritt to Lovecraft – “Have you ever tried Argosy?…they gobble up Merritt’s stuff and you have him beat seven ways from the ace. Not that Merritt isn’t good; he is.” (Feb. 1931).
There is a last tantalizing clue. Howard wrote two stories in 1927, “The Valley of the Golden Web,” and “Sanctuary of the Sun.” Both stories were submitted and rejected by Farnsworth Wright at Weird Tales and now lost. These stories have very Merrittesque sounding titles. This is a period before the Lovecraft influence manifests itself. There might have been a period where Howard noticed the success of A. Merritt in Argosy-All Story Weekly and incorporated some elements of Merritt. We will never know.
Anyone who has an interest in the pulp magazines should read a few A. Merritt books. I consider The Face in the Abyss, The Ship of Ishtar, and The Dwellers in the Mirage as the essential Merritt.
The Ship of Ishtar was originally a novelette. Robert Davis, editor at Argosy All-Story returned it asking Merritt to expand the story into a novel. The story was serialized November 8, 1924 in six parts. A three thousand copy book edition by Putnam in 1926 sold poorly. The sheets for the last 300 copies were purchased by Munsey (publisher of Argosy All-Story), bound, and distributed to readers of the magazine. In 1938, The Ship of Ishtar won a poll as favorite story and was reprinted.
The book edition and magazine edition are different. There was a small press edition by Borden with Virgil Finlay illustrations in 1949 that used the magazine text. The paperback editions in the 60s and 70s used the Putnam text. The last reprint of The Ship of Ishtar was a Macmillan Collier mass market paperback in 1991 which was a photo-offset of the Borden Memorial edition including Finlay illos. The new Paizo reprint also uses the Borden Memorial text with illustrations with those from Famous Fantastic Mysteries.
Merritt’s style is lush by today’s standards. His novels are not slow though. The main character is a modern man magically thrown into that world. Telescoping of history is a device attributed to Robert E. Howard. A. Merritt also engaged in the practice with a parade of Assyrians, Egyptians, Minoans, Gauls, and Romans on Emakhtila, the Sorcerers’ Isle. Could Sharane, priestess of Ishtar, been a predecessor of Belit? Robert E. Howard probably read “The Metal Monster,” “The Face in the Abyss,” “The Ship of Ishtar,” and “Seven Footprints to Satan” in their magazine appearances. We know he read “The Snake Mother” as he sent it to Lovecraft.
So check your local bookstore and comic bookstore or order directly from Paizo, Amazon, or your favorite vendor. This is one of those key-note novels that should be in print periodically though it should be less than every 20 years between editions.